Flag: Mali 🇲🇱
Copy & Meaning

The flag of Mali — the West African nation that was once home to the mighty medieval Mali Empire, making Timbuktu one of the world's great centers of Islamic scholarship and trans-Saharan trade. Today Mali faces a severe security crisis from jihadist insurgencies in the Sahel region, with multiple military coups since 2012.

Used for African medieval history, Sahel security discussions, and the contrast between Mali's glorious past and difficult present challenges.